Astronomy 111, Session 003

Review Topics on Exam 3

 

The exam takes place at 7:20 PM to 8:20 PM on Nov. 26, 2007

The exam consists of 40 multiple-choice questions, covering chapter 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14.

 

·        Chap. 10 --- Our Barren Moon  (Five sections,  excluding 10-2, 10-4)

o       10-1: Synchronous rotation; Liberation; Dark maria; Light-colored highlands

o       10-3: Internal structure; No plate tectonics; Causes of Moonquakes

o       10-5: Formation of the Moon; Collision-ejection theory; Causes of Earth’s slowing down

 

·        Chap. 11 ---  Mercury, Venus and Mars (Nine sections, excluding 10-9)

o       11-1: Morning star; Evening star; Elongation; Opposition

o       11-2: Rotation of Mercury: 3-2 spin-orbit coupling; Rotation of Venus: retrograde rotation

o       11-3: Mercury’s surface and interior;  No plate tectonic; the Large core

o       11-4: Historic speculation about Venus and Mars

o       11-5: Venus: flare tectonics, young surface; Mars: crustal dichotomy, old surface, ancient geological activity;

o       11-6: Venus’s thick atmosphere, high temperature, sulfuric acid clouds; strong green house effect; Mars’s thin, cold atmosphere; weak green house effect; seasonal changes of polar ice caps.

o       11-7: Evolution of atmosphere; Outgassing; Runaway greenhouse effect; Runaway icehouse effect; Recycle of greenhouse gases

o       11-8: Water on Mars; Ancient liquid water; frozen water

 

·        Chap. 12 --- Jupiter and Saturn (Eleven sections, excluding 12-5, 12-11)

o       12-1: Opposition. Cloud-top. Dark belts. Light Zones. Great Red Spot

o       12-2: Fast rotation; Differential rotation;  Atmosphere composition; Saturn’s helium deficiency

o       12-3: Storm systems; Circular winds; Great red spot

o       12-4: Internal energy source; Temperature gradient; Zonal winds; Cloud heights of dark belts and light zones; 

o       12-6: Oblateness,  rotation,  core; Internal structure

o       12-7: Strong magnetic field;  Liquid metallic hydrogen

o       12-8: Saturn’s system of rings.

o       12-9: Ring particles; Roche limit

o       12-10: Ring’s composition. Ringlets. 

 

·        Chap. 13 --- Satellites of Jupiter and Saturn (Ten sections, excluding 13-5)

o       13-1: Jupiter’s Galilean satellites. Synchronous  rotations; Rhythmic relationship

o       13-2: Galilean satellites’ size and density .

o       13-3: Origin of the Galilean satellites; Jovian nebula.

o       13-4: Io:  active volcanoes; Internal heat;  Tidal heating

o       13-6: Europe: smooth, icy surface; Geological activity; Underground ocean

o       13-7: Ganymede: Dark and bright terrain; Callisto’ craters; Icy cruster; Liquid water;  Interiors of the Galilean satellites

o       13-8: Titan’s thick Atmosphere; Liquid methane

o       13-9: Jupiter’s small moons; Retrograde orbit; Capture of asteroids

o       13-10: Saturn’s small moons

 

·        Chap. 14 --- Uranus, Neptune, Pluto and Kuiper Belt: Remote Worlds (Ten sections, excluding 14-5)

o       14-1:  Chance discovery of Uranus; Calculated discovery of Neptune

o       14-2: Uranus’s atmosphere. High concentration of Methane. Unusual rotation axis. Exaggerated seasonal change

o       14-3: Neptune’s atmosphere. Dynamic atmosphere. Great Dark Spot. Internal heat. Gravitational contracting.

o       14-4: Internal structure of Uranus and Neptune.

o       14-6: Uranus and Neptune’s rings; Occultation measurement

o       14-7: Uranus’s satellites

o       14-8: Neptune’s satellite; Triton, tidal heating, capture

o       14-9: Pluto; Charon; Synchronized motions

o       14-10: Trans-Neptunian objects; Kuiper Belt