Astronomy 111, Session 003
Review Topics on Exam 2
The exam will take place from 7:20 PM to 8:20 PM on Oct. 29, 2007
The exam consists of 50 multiple-choice questions, covering chapter 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 only.
Note 1: In each chapter, all sections are covered, unless explicitly excluded.
· Chap. 5 --- The Nature of Light
o Speed of light
o Electromagnetic waves; different types; wavelength and frequency
o Blackbody radiation; three temperature scales
o Wien’s law on radiation; Stefan-Boltzmann’s law on radiation
o Dual properties of light
o Kirchhoff’s law on spectra: continuous spectrum, emission line spectrum, and absorption line spectrum
o Structure of atom
o Bohr’s model of atom, orbit and energy level; emission and absorption
o Doppler effect; red shift and blue shift
· Chap. 6 --- Optics and Telescopes (section 6-6 “radio telescope” not covered)
o Refraction of Light; refraction telescope; focal point; light-gathering power; magnifying power
o Reflection telescope, objective mirror;
o Angular resolution; diffraction-limited angular resolution; seeing
o CCD
o Spectrograph; grating
o Telescope in space; “windows” of the atmosphere
· Chap. 7 --- Comparative Planetology I: Our Solar System (section 7-8 “solar system diversity” not covered)
o Terrestrial planet; Jovian planets; size, density, mass
o Large satellites
o Spectroscopes
o Chemical composition of planets; heavy elements versus light elements on temperatures; ice
o Asteroids, asteroid belt; trans-Neptunian objects, Kuiper belt, Pluto; comet, Oort cloud
o Impact craters; meteoroids; geologic activity
o Magnetic field and planet interior
· Chap. 8 --- Comparative Planetology II: the Origin of Our Solar System
o Constrains on solar system models
o Abundance of chemical elements; origins of H and He; origins of heavy elements; interstellar medium
o Age of solar system; radioactive age-dating
o Solar nebula hypothesis; gravitational energy; protosun; protoplanetary disk
o Formation of terrestrial planets; condensation temperature; planetesimals; protoplanets
o Formation of Jovian planets; core accretion model
o Extrasolar planets
· Chap. 9 --- The Living Earth
o Dynamic Earth; three energy sources: radiation, tidal force, and internal heat; convection; greenhouse effect; greenhouse gas
o Earth’s interior structure; crust, mantle and core (outer and inner cores); chemical differentiation; seismic waves; melting point; Asthenosphere
o Plate tectonics; Pangaea; subduction; seafloor spreading
o Earth’s magnetosphere; solar wind
o Evolution of Earth’s atmosphere; outgassing; effect of organism; photosynthesis; respiration; oxygen
o Layered atmosphere; troposphere; stratosphere; mesosphere; thermosphere; ozone
o Earth’s biosphere; ozone hole; global warming