Astronomy 111, Session 003

Review Topics on Exam 2

 

The exam will take place from 7:20 PM to 8:20 PM on Oct. 29, 2007

The exam consists of 50 multiple-choice questions, covering chapter 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 only.

 

Note 1: In each chapter, all sections are covered, unless explicitly excluded.

 

·        Chap. 5 --- The Nature of Light

o       Speed of light

o       Electromagnetic waves; different types; wavelength and frequency

o       Blackbody radiation; three temperature scales

o       Wien’s law on radiation; Stefan-Boltzmann’s law on radiation

o       Dual properties of light

o       Kirchhoff’s law on spectra: continuous spectrum, emission line spectrum, and absorption line spectrum

o       Structure of atom

o       Bohr’s model of atom, orbit and energy level; emission and absorption

o       Doppler effect; red shift and blue shift

 

·        Chap. 6 ---  Optics and Telescopes (section 6-6 “radio telescope” not covered)

o       Refraction of Light; refraction telescope; focal point;  light-gathering power; magnifying power

o       Reflection telescope, objective mirror;

o       Angular resolution; diffraction-limited angular resolution; seeing

o       CCD

o       Spectrograph; grating

o       Telescope in space; “windows” of the atmosphere

 

·        Chap. 7 --- Comparative Planetology I: Our Solar System (section 7-8 “solar system diversity” not covered)

o       Terrestrial planet; Jovian planets; size, density, mass

o       Large satellites

o       Spectroscopes

o       Chemical composition of planets; heavy elements versus light elements on temperatures; ice

o       Asteroids, asteroid belt; trans-Neptunian objects, Kuiper belt, Pluto; comet, Oort cloud

o       Impact craters; meteoroids; geologic activity

o       Magnetic field and planet interior

 

·        Chap. 8 --- Comparative Planetology II: the Origin of Our Solar System

o       Constrains on solar system models

o       Abundance of chemical elements; origins of H and He; origins of heavy elements; interstellar medium

o       Age of solar system; radioactive age-dating

o       Solar nebula hypothesis; gravitational energy; protosun; protoplanetary disk

o       Formation of terrestrial planets; condensation temperature; planetesimals; protoplanets

o       Formation of Jovian planets; core accretion model

o       Extrasolar planets

 

·        Chap. 9 --- The Living Earth

o       Dynamic Earth; three energy sources: radiation, tidal force, and internal heat; convection; greenhouse effect; greenhouse gas

o       Earth’s interior structure; crust, mantle and core (outer and inner cores); chemical differentiation; seismic waves; melting point; Asthenosphere

o       Plate tectonics; Pangaea; subduction; seafloor spreading

o       Earth’s magnetosphere; solar wind

o       Evolution of Earth’s atmosphere;  outgassing; effect of organism; photosynthesis; respiration; oxygen

o       Layered atmosphere; troposphere; stratosphere; mesosphere; thermosphere; ozone

o       Earth’s biosphere; ozone hole; global warming