CMEs and Flares
--- Toward Understanding Solar Energetic Events

• Publications
• Zhang, J., Dere, K.P., “A Statistical Study of Main and Residual Accelerations of Coronal Mass Ejections”, The Astrophysical Journal, 649, PP.1100-1109, 2006
• Zhang, J., Dere, K.P., Howard, R.A., Vourlidas, “A Study of the Kinematic Evolution of Coronal Mass Ejections”,The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 604, P. 420-432, 2004
• Zhang, J., Dere, K.P., Howard, R.A., Kundu, M.R.,  White, S.M., “On the Temporal Relationship Between Coronal Mass Ejections and Flares”, The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 559,  P. 452-462, 2001

• Kinematic Evolution of  CME - a schematic representation
  
  • Three Phases
  • Initiation Phase -  low velocity - slow rise
    
  • Acceleratin Phase - fast velocity increase
  • Propagation phase - constant velocity
• Daily Solar Indices -- Solar Cycle Variation
  • Sunspot Number
  • Sunspot Area
  • Flux at 10.7 cm
  • Flux at 1-8 A Soft X-ray from GOES
  • Soft X-ray Flare Number (C, M and X classes)
  • Optical Halpha Flare Number
  • A composite
    

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Last time modified: Feb.16, 2007